Rigid spray head



June 4, 1929. w, H, KL lN 1,716,174

RIGID SPRAY HEAD Filed June 9, 1922 Patented June 4,1929.

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arena srimiz Application filed Il'uue 9, 1923. Serial No." {567,001.

My invention relates to spraynozzles for distributing water at low pressure in the form of spray for cooling purposes.

The main purpose of my invention is to provide an improved head or nozzle adapted to easy and inexpensive manufacture and to efiicient spraying at very low heads.

A further purpose is to eificiently convert the available pressure into energy of rotation.

A further purpose is to discharge the water at an ofi-center lateral orifice from a preferably involute chamber in' which it is given circulap movement, the, discharge taking place most desirably from the center of the involute. T 7

A1 further purpose is to accomplish this by 7 giving a spray head an outlet slightly ofiset abruptly from the center of the casing, using the interior wall of the casing for easy communication between the inlet and outlet. A further purpose is to cause the water to enter a chamber about which it travels centrifugally while the space for the water is progressively reducing in cross section and the water is crowded out of a lateral openmg. 7

A (further purpose is to progressively re duce the cross section-of a centrifugallymoving column of water and discharge it continuously from an opening lateral to the plane of travel. I

A further purpose is .to make a low pressure spray head self-cleaning and hence noncloggin A fu ther purpose is to provide involute movement of water in a spray head :t'rom a point of inlet to a point of lateral discharge.

Further purposes will, appear in the specification and inthe claims. a

My invention, relates both' to the methods involved and to apparatus by which the methods may be carried out. V

I have preferred to illustratemy invention by two variations only, selecting, forms that 4 are practical, eiiicient, reliable and inexpena sive :and which at the'same time well illustrate the principles of my invention. i Figure 1 is a side elevation ofa spray head and connection emhodyingmy invention.

Figure 2is a top plan view of the spray head shown in Figure 1 without the connection. Figure 3 is to'Figure .1 but omitting the connection and dotting interior walls. I

a side elevation corresponding Figure 4 is a section of Figure 2 upon line H, I l I Figure 5 is anend elevation of Figure 3a Figure 6 is a section of Figure 3 upon line66. w

Figures 7 and 8 are sections corresponding with Figure 6 and with Figure 4 respectively show a modified'form of my invention.

Figure 9 is a reduced-scale top plan View of a double form. c

In the drawings similar numerals indicate like parts.

a It is very desirable that spray nozzles for use in cooling water of cooling ponds, condensers, etc., should operate efii'ciently on low pressure, the'powei' required for spraying be ing in many constructions prohibitively large. A great variety of constructions will operate well with the pressure u'sually available "for and the capacity usually required fromlawn sprinklers, etc., which fail at low pressure and high \capacity. In the lawn sprinkler uses. the relatively high pressure ofthe supply makes up for the deficiency of the sprinklers at the low capacity required. lhe difiiculty lies in breaking up the water into spray with the small kinetic energy available from low pressure. l I have discoveredcthat the whirling of the water circumferentially at the same time that the cross section available for it is progressively reduced and that side outlet for the water is provided, results in discharge of the water in the form of a conical sheet which breaks into spray about-the outerrim of the cone. I find that the bestexpression of invention is an involute' spiral form in which the water discharge takes place from the inner end of the involute; but recognize that there are-other ways of obtaining a part of the benefit of my invention.

Describing the structure in' explanation and not in limitation a The spray head 10- of Figures 1-6 is shown in Figure 1 as connected up by coupling 11 rigid with or separate from the pipe 12 by which the water supply is furnished;

In the illustration the initial circular cross sect-ion of theinlet at 13. is modified, withv out much varying the cross sectional area, to a rectangular section at the point 14 at which the water is discharged into the chamber 15.

The contour of this chamber in section perpendicular .to the outlet I axis is preferably that of the flat spiral beneath and aboutthe outlet. The iral walls opposite walls of theinlet, eparting or ofi'setting from The outlet'is slightly ofi'setbothhorizon- ,tally and vertically from the inlet and is relatively near to the abruptly offsetting side a of the chamber, at or near the inner .end of the involute curve defined by the water under the combined influences of the curved theofi'set'position of the discharge nozzle 16 and the progressively reduced cross section (involute) walls of the chamber and the whirling of the water where the abrupt olisetting occurs by reason of the loss of head as thewater enters the chamber.

The lines of flow are indicated roughly by the arrows of Figures 6 and 2. The controlling factors in this form are along the path of flow from the inlet to the outlet which results in progressively increasingthe velocity-of the water along the iny the water within the chamber, but it would:

volute or fiat spiral.

It is difiicult to exactly follow the path of appear that the path of the water is a conical spiral withinthe interior part of the chamber and a-reversed conical spiral outside.

The illustration shown; in Figures -1-'6 is madefrom a full size working nozzle and gives proportions which I have found to be very efiective and in which the stream as discharged corresponds very closely in path and line of breakage to the discharge shown in Figure '1.

' The discharge edge 17 of the nozzle 16 is protected against injury by the flange 18.

The flat spiral form for the interior wall results which I have attained, spraying suo-. cessfully on pressures of less than seven pounds through va two-inch pipe have been due to. the flat spiral form about the outlet of the offsetting wall and the horizontal and vertical ofiset of the outlet.

It willbe obvious that the progressive re striction of the cross section of the. waterv may .be accomplished in other ways than by making thewall of the chamber a flat spiral about and toward the outlet and I; show Figures 7 and 8 with a view to illustrate this. In these figures the floor of the nozzle has been lifted progressively from 20 around to 21 to assist 1n the progressive reduction of cross section about the discharge nozzle position 22, with theresult that the progressive constriction; of the cross sectionnis partially taken careof by this progressive-rise and not wholly by the involute s iral. this arrangement it is still desirab e that the discharge nozzle be oil-center toward the abruptlyofl'setting, wall, that is that the wall should spiral about a d toward the nozzle;

vwould provide.

'In view of my invention and disclosure,

but is in this case not quite so essential and v a part of the benefit of \my invention may be obtained in this form with the outlet i zle. Furthermore grass or other matter of stringy nature will be passedthrou'gh this,

' the point of smallest cross section along with;

a spiral stream.

In both forms that there are the'same features of having shown-it will beobviousl the outlet axis perpendicular to the ,inlet planes and offset from the inlet in two directions and of progressive constriction of the.

passage. The wall of the chamber affords a guide for the water toward the outlet and starts thelwater whirling. In both the outlet-is located near an abruptly offsetting wall of the chamber to obtain the'advantage-of the whirl set up by reason of this. In both there is the efi'ect of providingaflat spiral v contour to the wall of the chamber withrespect to a section perpendicular-to the outlet.

It will be observed that the inner" end of the involute, and therefore my outlet, is lo- F cated in that region of low pressure which always exists in an abrupt offset from lines of flow, thus utilizing this falhifi pressure,

which usually is dissipated in eddy currents,

to produce rotary motion and the great efiiciency which my nozzle-develops in practice is due to the combination thus obtained.

While I much prefer to offset the outlet in two directions, I am aware that the nozzle :would work well and probably better than 19 of the chamber is the best form for the vwallinterior-known to me. The splendid do other nozzles now on the market by having the outlet ofiset in one direction only,

th t is by having the outlet extend ward axially into the interior of the chamber-2 This arrangement obtains the advantage of locating the outlet at or near the inner end of the involute andin the low pres-- unnecessary though perhaps small loss in.

efiiciency.

The form of Figure 9 is intended to be the same as that of Figures 16 except that two opposite counterpart spray heads are coupled together to use a common inlet with any degree of spacing between the nozzles that maybe desired, continuing the common inlet section into the chambers of the two spray heads (as in'the figure) where it is permissible to have the two outlets as close together as this modifications and variations will doubtless become evident to others skilled in the art,

, I'c-laim as new and desire to secure by Letters the inlet and near the offsetting wall.

enema ,need, and it is my desire to claim all such modifications and variations in so far as they fall within the reasonable spirit and scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what Patent is 1. In a spray head, an inlet merging in section from round to rectangular, a body at the rectangular endof the inlet and having an interior involute wall tangentially merging with one wall of the inlet and sharply offsetting at the opposite wall of the inlet, and a lateral outlet much smaller than the inlet and having an axis ofiset from the-inlet and near the offsetting wall.

2. In a spray head, an inlet merging in section from round to rectangular, an external thread upon the round end thereof, a body at the rectangular end of the inlet and having an interior involute peripheral wall tangentially merging with one wall vof the inlet and sharply ofisetting with the opposite wall. of

the inlet, and a lateral outlet much smaller:

than the inlet and having an axis offset from 3.'In a spray head. an intake, a body at one end thereof having an interior peripheral involute wall merging tangentially with one wall of the intake and sharply offsetting with the opposite wall thereof, a laterally-directed tubular nozzle of much smaller section than the intake from near the offsetting wall oflset from the intake, and a raised guard around the discharge rim of the nozzle.

4. The method of spraying water received from a cylindrical supply pipe which consists in flattening the cross section of the water as it approaches the point of spraying discharge, giving the flattened stream of water an involute path while progressively reducing its cross section and discharging the water laterally from along the approximate axis of the involute and at a velocity much higher than that of the intake.

5. The method of spraying water from acylindrical source of supply which consists in flattening the stream of water, subsequently whirling the stream spirally while progressively reducing its cross section and discharging the water whirled laterally from the center of the spiral and at a velocity'much higher than that of the intake.

WILLIAM H. KLEIN. 

